埃及…
Egypt...
古老、充满神奇的土地
Ancient land of all and wonder,
流传着沙漠深处的诉说
who's people whisper from the desert sands.
对埃及人来说，生命是永恒的
For the Egyptians, life was eternal.
他们四处寻觅秘方来保存自己的肉身
They search the globe for ingredients to proserve their bodies...
维持其不朽
and their immortality.
依靠数世纪的实践所积累的知识
With knowledge came from centuries of practice,
一位祭司终于制成了有史以来最好的木乃伊
a priests created the finest mummies, the world has ever known.
现在他们处于非常关键的旅程之中
And now they were on a critical journey.
即返回埃及
To return to Egypt,
运载着制♥作♥法老木乃伊的材料
with the ingredients for the mummification of the pharaoh.
拉美西斯大帝正在准备他下一阶段的生命旅程
Ramses the Great was being prepared for the next stage of his life,
他的木乃伊将会在天堂里重生
when his mummy would resurect in paradise.
但是他们是如何被制成木乃伊？
But how they were mummified?
它们被隐藏在哪里
Where they were hidden,
它们在今天是否还能重生呢？
and whether may they still give life today?
这些正是法老们的秘密
These are the secrets of the pharaohs.
木乃伊：法老的秘密
这里有几具木乃伊
There is a handful of mummies,
它们的名字写在绷带和棺材上
whose names was written on the bandages and coffins.
这些木乃伊是人，它们死的时候没有腐烂
These mummies are people, who did not decomposed, when they died,
因为他们的遗体经过秘密的防腐处理
because their flesh was preserved by secret methods.
而根据记录
And according to the writing,
这些木乃伊是历史上最强大的三位法老
these mummies are three of the most powerful pharaohs, that ever lived.
拉美西斯大帝
Ramses the Great,
他的父亲与儿子
his father and his son.
他们都是手握大权的法老
Ruled by pharaohs like Ramses,
埃及帝国统治近东约3000年
Egypt Empire dominated the Near East for 3000 years.
在此期间，埃及的众神和政♥府♥
And in all that time Egypt's gods and government...
几乎没有什么变化
barely changed.
埃及人归因于这是神的意愿
The Egyptians attributed this to the will of the the gods.
“神圣的秩序”
"Divine order".
拉美西斯与皇后纳菲尔塔莉共享着生活
Ramses shared his life with queen Nefertari.
像所有的埃及人一样
Like all Egyptians,
他们热爱生活并希望死后能永生
they loved life and wanted to live beyond death.
他们认为死亡
They thought dying...
只是进入到了下一个世界的大门
was just a gateway to the next world.
如果他们将来不在地球上新生
And if they would not not been born on earth,
则会延续在天堂中生活
their lives would continue in paradise.
因此他们祈祷，希望他们的诚实和供奉
So they prayed, that their honesty and offerings...
能确保今世乃至来世的秩序
would ensure order on earth and beyond.
埃及被女神玛特统治着
Th Egyptian universe was controlled by the goddess Ma'at,
她是掌管人间与天堂的神
who govern the world and the heavens.
即使是“拉”
Even Ra,
最强大的神之子
the mightiest son god...
也服从于玛特
obeyed the laws of Ma'at.
如果玛特的命令被违背
If Ma'at's order was ever broken,
太阳将不再升起
the sun would not rise.
月球会消失
The Moon would no follow.
埃及的木乃伊
The egyptians mummies...
也不能重生
would never rise again.
他们将每个人本质的灵魂称做“巴”
They called the soul for the essence of each person his Ba.
人死后你的“巴”将面对最后的裁决
After death your Ba faced your final judgement.
你的心会被放在天平上
Your heart was placed on the scales of judgement,
等待真理羽毛的称量
and wait against the feather of truth.
如果你犯过罪恶，沉重的心会使标尺倾斜
If you done evel, your heavy heart would tip the scales,
吞食者将会把你当作美餐而吞噬
and the Devourer would of innihilate you.
但如果你始终是个真诚与正直的人
But if you have allways been truthful and rightchous,
心会比鸿毛还轻
your heart would be feather light.
你的灵魂会飞向天堂
Your soul would fly to paradise...
重新进入你的身体
to reenter your body.
你的木乃伊会在未来的世界重生
Your mummy would come to life in the next world.
那个世界里的每一刻都像美好的一天
A world, in which every momment was like a beautiful day in this one.
但是，制♥作♥一具木乃伊的过程仍然是个秘密
But the preparation of a mummy for this journey remains a secret.
埃及人记录了他们战争与死亡的故事…
The Egyptians recorded their tales of war and death...
他们的神话和传说…
Their myths and legends...
一切的一切
Everything,
但就是没有记录如何制♥作♥木乃伊
except how they mummified their dead.
很奇怪地
Strangely,
至今没有找到完整的记录
no complete records have been found,
所以当最后一个古埃及祭司去世时
so when the last priest in ancient Egypt died,
秘密也一起被埋葬
he took the secret to his grave.
有关木乃伊的许多资料已经失传
Many aspects of mummification remain lost,
直到埃及古物学家，鲍勃·布莱尔博士
until Egyptologist, Dr. Bob Brier...
耐心地搜集残存的线索
patiently gathered the surviving clues.
我一直在看墓室壁画
I was looking at tomb paintings,
古文字
ancient writings,
神殿雕刻
temple carvings,
任何可能用于防腐成分的蛛丝马迹
anything that might show the ingredients used for embalming.
哈特谢普苏特女王神殿在达尔巴♥赫♥里（国王谷）
Queen Hatshepsut's temple at Deir el-Bahri...
描述着埃及在东非的远征
describes an egyptian expedition to east Africa.
埃及人遍及已知的地域搜集制♥作♥木乃伊的原料
The egyptians were getting ingredients for the mummification from allover the known world.
第一个木乃伊是自然形成
The first mummies were natural,
在炎热沙漠的苏打灰中风干
dried by a bariel in hot desert sands.
但是，当埃及人开始使用金字塔陵墓
But when the egyptians started to use tombs in pyramids,
他们的尸体已不再接触沙子
the bodies was no longer in contact with the sand,
所以他们必须经过人工防腐
so they had to preserve the body artificially.
于是做作木乃伊的艺术诞生了
And the art of mummification was born.
为了干燥尸体
To dry the body,
敛尸官用泡碱覆盖其上35天
embalmers covered it for 35 days with Natron,
泡碱是一种盐和小苏打的天然混合物
a naturally occurring blend of salt and baking soda.
古代敛尸官使用七大圣油
Ancient embalmers used seven sacred oils.
一些是从珍稀树木上采集
some extracted from rare trees,
再被千里迢迢的运回
they carried home from distant lands.
哈特谢普苏特神殿
Hatshepsut's temple...
显示他们用坐骑运回大量的乳香和没药
shows mounts of frankincense and myrrh they brought back.
这些都是制♥作♥木乃伊的关键材料
These were key ingredients in mummification.
随着时间的推移，埃及人注意到
Over time the egyptians noticed,
蜂蜡，松脂和金色蜂蜜
that beeswax, pine resin and golden honey...
非常有利于保存木乃伊
were particularly good at preserving mummies.
这些天然的防腐剂
These natural antiseptics...
在希腊历史学家希罗多德的书中有过描述
were described by the Greek historian Herodotus in his book.
祭司用燧石刀切开皮肤
Priests sliced the skin with flint knives.
挖出内部器官，如肝脏和心脏
Removed internal organs like the liver and left the heart,
他们认为这些内脏是是意识的源泉
which they believed to be the source of consciousness in place.
戴着豺狼头盔的阿努比斯守卫着木乃伊
The jackal headed Anubis guarded the mummy.
此处宫殿可以让沙漠微风吹干尸体
His temples allowed desert breezes to dry the body.
祭司们给尸体佩带金饰
His priests adorned the dead with gold...
并用乳香和没药涂抹全身
and perfumed them with frankincense and myrrh.
在仪式中把嘴张开
With the ceremony of the opening of the mouth,
因为木乃伊在未来的生活需要呼吸和说话
the mummy would breath and speak in the next life.
祭司们吟唱着咒语为木乃伊包裹
The priests chanted powerful spells as the mummy was wrapped.
纯洁的饰物
And with the decoration of innocents,
寓示着他在没有犯过罪行
that the person did not sin in this world,
他和他的木乃伊将获得重生…
he and his mummy would be reborn...
在来世
in the next.
我们了解宗教礼仪
We knew about the religious rituals,
但仍存在着对木乃伊制♥作♥过程中的疑问
but there were still gaps in the mummification procedure,
我只能通过制♥作♥一个现代木乃伊来解答
that I could only fill in by creating a modern mummy.
因此我与一位解剖学家罗恩·韦德联手
So I teamed up with a colleague anatomist Ron Wade...
对一具捐赠的遗体做了试验
and used the body donated to science.
我们第一次制♥作♥了具有埃及风格的人体木乃伊
We performed the first human mummification in the Egyptian style...
自法老时代以后
since the time of the pharaohs.
20年来
For 20 years...
科学家们试图从埃及木乃伊中提取有用的DNA
scientists have tried to extract usable DNA from egyptian mummies...
但都没有成功
without success.
十年后
More than a decade later,
如果能从现代木乃伊中提取到DNA
if we can get DNA from any part of our modern mummy,
这会告诉我们应该在古代木乃伊的哪个部位
it will tell us where to look at ancient mummies.
我不是DNA专家
I'm not an DNA expert,
但一起工作的安吉里克·格图斯博士